What is PMS?
Premenstrual syndrome is a combination of symptoms that arrive before your period, that is characterized by physical and psychological changes occurring in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Symptoms may primarily be physical (bloating, fatigue, etc.), emotional (irritability, sadness, etc.), or a combination of both.
What causes PMS?
There is no exact pathophysiology of PMS. Based on studies, your microbiome will interact with your endocrine system, which is responsible for producing and regulating hormones. Scientific studies have revealed that certain gut bacteria can directly or indirectly impact the synthesis, metabolism, and signaling of hormones, such as insulin, estrogen, testosterone, cortisol, and thyroid hormones.
The gut microbiome and PMS
In a cross-sectional pilot study, 27 women reported PMS symptoms, and 29 women with no serious PMS. The severity of their PMS symptoms is evaluated by a premenstrual symptoms questionnaire as well as inflammatory markers were analyzed in blood samples including soluble CD14, C reactive C protein, and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein. There was no significant difference in inflammatory markers in blood samples between the PMS subject vs control.
However, there was a difference in the beta diversity group but not alpha that was detected in the gut microbiome of those with PMS symptoms and those without. The abundance of certain levels of the gut microbiome was noticeably lower in the PMS group than in the control group.
Thus, the conclusion is that the properties of the gut microbiome are associated with PMS symptoms. There is now growing evidence that the gut microbiome is supported by the diverging impact of the gut microbiome on the body’s endocrine system.
Probiotics and PMS
In another study, 24 women with PMS and 144 healthy women were compared and concluded that the PMS group possesses a characteristic gut microbiome. Collinsella was specifically associated with the PMS group. Since Collinsella has been associated with diet, dietary supplements such as prebiotics which are the food to probiotics may be effective in preventing, improving, and alleviating PMS.
R’s KOSO is a simple and effective way to boost prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics to improve digestion for hormone health. KOSO is the result of fermenting over 100 different plant foods to create a nutrient-dense whole food product to increase good bacteria in the large intestine and health with breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
Reference:
1. professional, C. C. medical. (n.d.). Premenstrual syndrome (PMS): Causes, symptoms & treatment. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24288-pms-premenstrual-syndrome
2. Okuma, K., Kono, K., Otaka, M., Ebara, A., Odachi, A., Tokuno, H., & Masuyama, H. (2022). Characteristics of the gut microbiota in Japanese patients with premenstrual syndrome. International Journal of Women’s Health, Volume 14, 1435–1445. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijwh.s377066
3. Freeman, E. W. (2003). Premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Definitions and diagnosis11adapted from the symposium on premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorders, July 17, 2000, Rhodes, Greece. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 28, 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00099-4
4. Houghton, L. A. (2002). The menstrual cycle affects rectal sensitivity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome but not healthy volunteers. Gut, 50(4), 471–474. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.50.4.471
5. Nabeh, O. A. (2023). New insights on the impact of gut microbiota on premenstrual disorders. will probiotics solve this mystery? Life Sciences, 321, 121606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121606
